FDCPA

Suing Collection Agencies (Part II)

ImageAs I was about to drop the Complaint and Summons in the mail to the Sheriff for service, a light went off.  NCS’ Registered Agent was listed as Joel Lackey, their CEO.  NCS is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, presumably because that is where Lackey lives and he is the only owner of the company.  You may be thinking, “and?” – but I was absolutely thrilled.  Joel Lackey cannot be NCS’ Registered Agent in North Carolina – a company’s registered agent for a state has to live in that state.

I had to check but I was certain there could be a major issue here.  Service would continue to be problematic because their registered agent lives in another state.  So what does one do in that situation? Well, you have to serve the Secretary of State.  Having a registered agent – one that meets the requirements of the state – is the law; without one, a foreign corporation cannot receive a Certificate of Authority to practice business.  And in North Carolina, without a Certificate of Authority, a collection agency cannot obtain the required license to collect debts.  And collecting debts without that license in North Carolina is a Class I Felony.

I sent a letter to their contact at that point advising him that I intended to report them to the State at the time I serve the Secretary of State.  And, I added, I was going to request the state administratively dissolve their Certificate of Authority – retroactively.  It would, in turn, dissolve their collector’s license making their collection activity against me now criminal as well.

I sent the letter to them last Friday.  On Tuesday, I received an email indicating they were sending me a check for my settlement demand by overnight mail.  Case closed.

Suing Collection Agencies (Part 1)

In December, 2013, I began working on a credit file I had neglected for the two years prior.  At the end of 2012, my life spiraled out of control and to sum it up without further ado, much was lost.  That summer, I decided enough was enough, and I moved in with a family member, find a new job, and get myself back on track. Summer ended, and with the beginning of fall came a job opportunity I had been praying for.  My income restored, I found myself easily getting by financially—and whilst in Mississippi for the Thanksgiving holiday, I decided it was time to get my credit back in line.

My credit reports were pages of negative accounts and collections, bad debts and delinquencies.  I had my work cut out for me. On TransUnion alone, I had 9 collection accounts (Experian showed 7, Equifax, 3). I will go into more detail on the types of accounts another time.  There was one account (one debt collector) who appeared on all three credit reports not once, but twice.  Two separate debts, six separate entries altogether—updating monthly.  I submitted disputes for all the collection agencies.  The ones that were valid debts I offered to pay in return for deletion of the collection account.  I got no response from any of these.  The others I sent the usual letters requesting debt validation—no response from these either.  But gradually, one by one, they began to be deleted.  One of them I paid, though only because I tricked the original creditor into taking my money.  Within two months, they were all gone—except one—the one that was reporting the six accounts.

National Credit Systems, based in Atlanta, Georgia, is a collection agency “operated for the purpose of helping apartment communities recover lost money from former residents”.  On their website, they equate their name with “More Money, Better Service”.  Founded by Joel Lackey in 1991, NCS has grown to become one of the largest collection agencies for apartment complexes in the United States. And in 2012, my former apartment complex in North Carolina sent my file to them for collection.

Here is where things go bad.  Without writing volumes on my move out, it was not a good one.  I had lived in that apartment for nearly two years; when they were bought by a larger apartment group, things went steadily downhill. Still, I moved out and never heard from them again.  A year later, when I was pulling my credit, I discovered they had turned me over to collections in November, 2012 – a month after I moved out.  A second account they reported was dated January, 2013; I was confused how I would have incurred a bill from them three months after I moved out.

I disputed the debt with the credit reporting agencies and sent a letter to National Credit Systems demanding validation.  I received no response.  They did, however, verify the account with the credit reporting agencies.  I sent a second letter. A couple weeks later, I received a letter from them with some documents attached.  One was the invoice the apartment complex reportedly sent me after I had moved out.  Interestingly enough, they mailed it to me at their own address—clearly I never received it.  The next documents was a move-out inspection signed by the manager.  It was, however, done without me present and a week after I moved out.  Finally, the last document was the best yet.  It was a copy of my “lease” – but only a renewal lease and one i had never seen before.  The signature on it was forged—and I would have gladly paid a handwriting examiner to establish that.

I wrote NCS a third time, essentially thanking them for sending me three documents that benefit me.  And I warned them if they did not remove the accounts completely and cease collection activity, they would be sued.  I even sent them a draft copy of a Complaint to be filed with the Court. They ignored me of course, so I filed the lawsuit in mid-January of this year.

The debts they were trying to collect totaled about $1,350.  It would cost them three times that just to hire an attorney to have it removed to federal court, plus a $400 filing fee.  I was counting on them seeing the cost of fighting me outweighed settlement. They offered settlement but dragged their feet.  More than anything I just wanted the collection accounts off my credit reports.

How I got them to settle…

Incompetent Attorneys

Lawsuit ProcessDon’t think that just because they have an “ESQ” behind their name or have passed the bar that they can be relied upon to properly pursue your case.  Last December, I began the dispute process with a particularly obnoxious debt collector.  It didn’t take me long to realize that this was not going to resolve itself – nor would it resolve via letters back and forth.  I drafted a Complaint for filing in my state district court.  Why?  Several reasons:  (1) it costs $200 to file in my state’s district court and over $400 to file in federal court, (2) it is perfectly acceptable to file an FDCPA case in local court and (3) if the defendant is not local, it will not only cost them a lot more in attorney fees, you can let them pay to move the case to federal court.

I have been a paralegal for ten years now – I have written plenty of Complaints.  And while I see nothing wrong with being a pro se litigant, I believe a lawsuit filed by an attorney has more teeth.  SO, I found an attorney who had sued the defendant previously and offered him a very simple case.  The Complaint was filed as is – he didn’t make any changes to it.  Basically, all he had to do was sign it and send it with the appropriate number of copies to the courthouse for filing and service.  Lawsuits typically follow a general path from start to finish, as I have shown in the very basic flow chart here.  NOTE:  It is 30 days to Answer in my state – it may be different in yours.  Also, this is a general lawsuit flowchart – by no means intended to represent the way all lawsuits go.

He filed the lawsuit on January 13.  And over the next two months, I heard about settlements I even accepted one settlement offer.  But by the beginning of this month, I was wondering what the hell was taking so long if I accepted their settlement offer.

I ended up having to do some background research because things weren’t adding up.  And lo and behold I discovered that the lawsuit, while it was filed, had never been served.  Why anyone would file a lawsuit and not have it served is beyond me – but it wasn’t.  And here, you have 90 days to get it served or get a renewed summons, and we were on day 85.

No defendant is going to take a lawsuit never served upon them seriously.  The date they are served is the date the clock begins – they have 30 days from that point to Answer the Complaint.  I am essentially starting over.

Needless to say, the incompetent attorney – he is facing a bar complaint and possible malpractice claim.